Jaeger API: inverted tag filters (key!) for exact and regex matches

[emamihe]

Summary

Implements inverted tag filtering for the Jaeger trace query API, matching how the Jaeger UI encodes negation: key!=value is sent as JSON {"key!": "value"}. Regex continues to use the existing ~ prefix on the value (e.g. {"key!": "~pattern"} for negated regex).

Motivation

Requested in review and aligned with #120: users need to exclude spans/traces by tag (including regex), not only include them.

Changes

• app/vtselect/traces/jaeger/jaeger.go: After unmarshalling tags, strip a trailing ! from each key before mapping to storage field names (span_attr:…, resource/scope prefixes, spanAttributeMap). Mark negated filters by prefixing the internal attribute key with !.
• app/vtselect/traces/query/query.go: In getTraceIDList, if the attribute key is negated (! prefix), append LogsQL !(field:=…) or !(field:re(…)) instead of positive filters.
• app/vtselect/traces/query/query_test.go: Parse test to ensure the inverted LogsQL shape is accepted by logstorage.
• apptest/tests/otlp_ingestion_test.go: Integration-style checks for inverted regex (non-matching pattern keeps the trace; matching pattern excludes it).
• docs/victoriatraces/changelog/CHANGELOG.md: tip changelog entry for this feature.

How to verify

• Unit tests: go test ./app/vtselect/traces/query/ ./app/vtselect/traces/jaeger/
• With a built victoria-traces binary: go test ./apptest/tests/ -run TestSingleOTLPIngestionJaegerQuery

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Summary by cubic

Adds inverted tag filters to the Jaeger trace query API so you can exclude spans/traces using key!=value and key!=~regex, matching the Jaeger UI’s encoding {"key!": "value"} and {"key!": "~pattern"}.

• New Features
  • Parse tags with keys ending in !, map to storage fields, and carry negation internally.
  • Generate negated LogsQL for both exact and regex filters: !(field:=...) and !(field:re(...)).
  • Add unit and integration tests for inverted exact/regex behavior; update changelog.

^{Written for commit 8c83dd7. Summary will update on new commits.}

[cubic-dev-ai]

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